fix: 修复 6 个 issue (#225/#226/#201/#188/#200/#196)

后端:
- #225 自定义源分钟K字符串 datetime 不再被 cast 成 null:
  _normalize_minute 对 Utf8 列按常见格式链式解析 (参照 kline_sync 口径)
- #226 自定义源日K/除权因子单批失败只隔离该批 (重试 1 次 + 跳过 +
  warning 汇总), 不再丢弃已成功批次的全部进度
- #201 旧信号回测 _load_panel 加指标 warmup 窗口 (120 交易日保守日历日),
  计算后裁回 [start,end]; 数据不足时自然退化

前端:
- #188 因子回测单标的不再整面板空白: 外层条件改 !error, IC 卡片
  单独守卫并给出需 >=2 只的提示
- #200 因子回测支持调仓频率 (日/周/月) 与滑点 (bp) 配置
- #196 自选页板块筛选新增 ETF 分类, 旧偏好加载时补 ETF 键保持默认可见

frontend/src/pages/Watchlist.tsx

@@ -57,6 +57,10 @@ import {
 const BOARDS = ['沪主板', '深主板', '创业板', '科创板', '北交所'] as const
 type BoardType = typeof BOARDS[number]
 
+// 板块筛选选项 = 股票板块 + ETF（ETF 无 symbol 板块语义，按 asset_type 匹配）
+const ETF_BOARD = 'ETF'
+const BOARD_OPTIONS = [...BOARDS, ETF_BOARD]
+
 function getBoardType(symbol: string): BoardType | null {
   if (/^(300|301)/.test(symbol)) return '创业板'
   if (/^688/.test(symbol))       return '科创板'
@@ -1112,9 +1116,10 @@ export function Watchlist() {
   const [filters, setFilters] = useState<Record<string, { min?: string; max?: string; text?: string }>>({})
 
   // 板块筛选（持久化）
+  // 兼容: 旧存储不含 ETF 键 → 加载时补上，保持 ETF 行默认可见
   const [boardFilter, setBoardFilter] = useState<Set<string>>(() => {
     const saved = storage.watchlistBoardFilter.get([])
-    return saved.length > 0 ? new Set(saved) : new Set(BOARDS) // 默认全选
+    return saved.length > 0 ? new Set([...saved, ETF_BOARD]) : new Set(BOARD_OPTIONS) // 默认全选
   })
   const persistBoardFilter = useCallback((next: Set<string>) => {
     setBoardFilter(next)
@@ -1156,7 +1161,7 @@ export function Watchlist() {
 
   const resetAllFilters = useCallback(() => {
     setFilters({})
-    persistBoardFilter(new Set(BOARDS))
+    persistBoardFilter(new Set(BOARD_OPTIONS))
     setExcludeST(false)
     storage.watchlistExcludeST.set(false)
   }, [persistBoardFilter])
@@ -1184,9 +1189,10 @@ export function Watchlist() {
   const filteredRows = useMemo(() => {
     // 板块筛选（全选时跳过）
     let result = rowsInSelectedGroup
-    if (boardFilter.size > 0 && boardFilter.size < BOARDS.length) {
+    if (boardFilter.size > 0 && boardFilter.size < BOARD_OPTIONS.length) {
       result = result.filter(r => {
-        // 非股票 (指数/ETF) 无板块语义, 不受板块筛选影响 (顺带修复 ETF 行被误过滤)
+        if (r.asset_type === 'etf') return boardFilter.has(ETF_BOARD)
+        // 其他非股票 (指数等) 无板块语义, 不受板块筛选影响
         if (r.asset_type && r.asset_type !== 'stock') return true
         const board = getBoardType(r.symbol)
         return board != null && boardFilter.has(board)
@@ -1219,7 +1225,7 @@ export function Watchlist() {
   }, [rowsInSelectedGroup, filters, columns, boardFilter, excludeST])
 
   const activeFilterCount = Object.values(filters).filter(v => v.min || v.max || v.text).length
-  const hasBoardFilter = boardFilter.size > 0 && boardFilter.size < BOARDS.length
+  const hasBoardFilter = boardFilter.size > 0 && boardFilter.size < BOARD_OPTIONS.length
   const hasActiveFilters = activeFilterCount > 0 || hasBoardFilter || excludeST
 
   // 排序（复用共享三态排序 hook）。分时列按「最新分钟收盘 vs 昨收」排序（分时图最后一点同口径），
@@ -1527,7 +1533,7 @@ export function Watchlist() {
           <div className="mb-2">
             <div className="text-[10px] text-muted uppercase tracking-wider mb-0.5">板块</div>
             <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-1">
-              {BOARDS.map(board => {
+              {BOARD_OPTIONS.map(board => {
                 const active = boardFilter.has(board)
                 return (
                   <button

frontend/src/pages/backtest/FactorBacktest.tsx

@@ -92,7 +92,9 @@ export function FactorBacktest({ initialFactorName = 'momentum_20d' }: { initial
   const [end, setEnd] = useState(TODAY)
   const [nGroups, setNGroups] = useState(5)
   const [weight, setWeight] = useState<'equal' | 'factor_weight'>('equal')
+  const [rebalance, setRebalance] = useState<'daily' | 'weekly' | 'monthly'>('daily')
   const [fees, setFees] = useState('2')
+  const [slippage, setSlippage] = useState('5')
   const [result, setResult] = useState<FactorBacktestResult | null>(null)
 
   const columns = useQuery({
@@ -129,9 +131,10 @@ export function FactorBacktest({ initialFactorName = 'momentum_20d' }: { initial
         start: start || null,
         end: end || undefined,
         n_groups: nGroups,
-        rebalance: 'daily',
+        rebalance,
         weight,
         fees_pct: Number(fees) / 10000,
+        slippage_bps: Number(slippage),
       }),
     onSuccess: (data) => {
       if (data.error) {
@@ -302,8 +305,21 @@ export function FactorBacktest({ initialFactorName = 'momentum_20d' }: { initial
             </select>
           </div>
           <div>
-            <label className="text-xs font-medium text-secondary block mb-1.5">佣金(万分之)</label>
-            <input type="number" value={fees} onChange={e => setFees(e.target.value)}
+            <label className="text-[11px] text-secondary block mb-1">调仓频率</label>
+            <select value={rebalance} onChange={e => setRebalance(e.target.value as any)} className={INPUT_CLS}>
+              <option value="daily">日度</option>
+              <option value="weekly">周度</option>
+              <option value="monthly">月度</option>
+            </select>
+          </div>
+          <div>
+            <label className="text-[11px] text-secondary block mb-1">佣金(万分之)</label>
+            <input type="number" min="0" value={fees} onChange={e => setFees(e.target.value)}
+              className={INPUT_CLS} />
+          </div>
+          <div>
+            <label className="text-[11px] text-secondary block mb-1">滑点(bp)</label>
+            <input type="number" min="0" value={slippage} onChange={e => setSlippage(e.target.value)}
               className={INPUT_CLS} />
           </div>
         </div>
@@ -322,7 +338,7 @@ export function FactorBacktest({ initialFactorName = 'momentum_20d' }: { initial
 
       {/* 结果面板 */}
       <section className="min-w-0 space-y-3 bg-base/15 px-3 py-3 xl:overflow-y-auto">
-        {result?.error && !result.ic_mean && (
+        {result?.error && (
           <div className="text-sm text-danger bg-danger/10 border border-danger/30 rounded-btn px-3 py-2">
             {result.error}
           </div>
@@ -352,7 +368,7 @@ export function FactorBacktest({ initialFactorName = 'momentum_20d' }: { initial
           <LoadingPanel symbolsText={symbols ? `${symbols.split(',').length} 只标的` : '全市场 · 当前区间'} />
         )}
 
-        {result && result.ic_mean != null && (
+        {result && !result.error && (
           <motion.div
             initial={{ opacity: 0, y: 8 }}
             animate={{ opacity: 1, y: 0 }}
@@ -374,7 +390,7 @@ export function FactorBacktest({ initialFactorName = 'momentum_20d' }: { initial
                     {saveCandidate.isPending ? '保存中' : '保存候选'}
                   </button>
                   <span className="text-[11px] text-muted">
-                    Rank IC · 日度调仓
+                    Rank IC · {rebalance === 'daily' ? '日度' : rebalance === 'weekly' ? '周度' : '月度'}调仓
                   </span>
                   {result.elapsed_ms > 0 && (
                     <span className="flex items-center gap-1 text-[11px] text-muted">
@@ -384,24 +400,28 @@ export function FactorBacktest({ initialFactorName = 'momentum_20d' }: { initial
                   )}
                 </div>
               </div>
-              <div className="grid grid-cols-4 gap-4">
-                <StatCard
-                  label="IC 均值"
-                  value={result.ic_mean != null ? fmtPct(result.ic_mean) : null}
-                  highlight={result.ic_mean != null
-                    ? result.ic_mean > 0.03 ? 'bull' : result.ic_mean < -0.03 ? 'bear' : 'neutral'
-                    : undefined}
-                />
-                <StatCard label="IC 标准差" value={result.ic_std != null ? fmtPct(result.ic_std) : null} />
-                <StatCard
-                  label="ICIR"
-                  value={result.ir != null ? result.ir.toFixed(2) : null}
-                  highlight={result.ir != null
-                    ? Math.abs(result.ir) > 0.5 ? (result.ir > 0 ? 'bull' : 'bear') : 'neutral'
-                    : undefined}
-                />
-                <StatCard label="IC 胜率" value={result.ic_win_rate != null ? fmtPct(result.ic_win_rate) : null} />
-              </div>
+              {result.ic_mean != null ? (
+                <div className="grid grid-cols-4 gap-4">
+                  <StatCard
+                    label="IC 均值"
+                    value={fmtPct(result.ic_mean)}
+                    highlight={result.ic_mean > 0.03 ? 'bull' : result.ic_mean < -0.03 ? 'bear' : 'neutral'}
+                  />
+                  <StatCard label="IC 标准差" value={result.ic_std != null ? fmtPct(result.ic_std) : null} />
+                  <StatCard
+                    label="ICIR"
+                    value={result.ir != null ? result.ir.toFixed(2) : null}
+                    highlight={result.ir != null
+                      ? Math.abs(result.ir) > 0.5 ? (result.ir > 0 ? 'bull' : 'bear') : 'neutral'
+                      : undefined}
+                  />
+                  <StatCard label="IC 胜率" value={result.ic_win_rate != null ? fmtPct(result.ic_win_rate) : null} />
+                </div>
+              ) : (
+                <div className="rounded-btn border border-border bg-base/40 px-3 py-3 text-xs text-muted">
+                  标的数量过少，无法计算 IC/IR（需 ≥2 只）。可清空标的使用全市场，或补充更多标的。
+                </div>
+              )}
             </div>
 
             {/* IC 时序图 */}