feat(realtime): 首用门禁 — 本地无数据时禁止开启实时行情

日K/enriched 均空 (与看板首用弹窗同口径) 时开启实时行情返回 409 并给
同步指引, 不落偏好。展示/监控/梯队全部依赖本地数据底座, 空数据下轮询
只是空转耗配额且缺 instruments 维表。只拦开启不影响关闭, 已开后清库
下次重开自然被拦。

backend/app/api/settings.py

@@ -932,6 +932,16 @@ def update_realtime_quotes(req: RealtimeQuotesPrefs, request: Request) -> dict:
             qs.disable()
         _sync_depth_polling(False)
         return {"realtime_quotes_enabled": False, "realtime_allowed": False}
+    if req.realtime_quotes_enabled:
+        # 首用门禁: 本地完全无数据 (日K/enriched 均空, 与看板首用弹窗同口径) 时
+        # 禁止开启 — 实时行情的展示 (enriched 底座 + 快照覆盖)、监控、连板梯队
+        # 全部依赖本地数据, 空数据下轮询只是空转耗配额, 且无 instruments 维表。
+        repo = getattr(request.app.state, "repo", None)
+        if repo is not None and repo.latest_daily_date() is None and repo.latest_enriched_date() is None:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=409,
+                detail="本地暂无行情数据，请先在「数据」页同步后再开启实时行情",
+            )
     if req.realtime_quotes_enabled and qs and qs.is_paused():
         # 管道/数据修正运行期间禁止开启实时行情 — 防止写盘竞态
         raise HTTPException(status_code=409, detail="数据同步运行中，实时行情已临时暂停，请稍后再开启")

backend/tests/test_data_integrity.py

@@ -227,14 +227,19 @@ def test_describe_and_issue_dataclass():
 # ── 开实时行情门禁 (钩子2) ──────────────────────────────────────────
 
 
-def _gate_state(tmp_path, quote_service, repo):
+def _gate_state(tmp_path, quote_service, repo, *, has_data=True):
     from types import SimpleNamespace
 
     return SimpleNamespace(
         app=SimpleNamespace(state=SimpleNamespace(
             quote_service=quote_service,
             depth_service=None,
-            repo=SimpleNamespace(store=SimpleNamespace(data_dir=tmp_path)),
+            repo=SimpleNamespace(
+                store=SimpleNamespace(data_dir=tmp_path),
+                # 首用门禁判据: 日K/enriched 最近日期 (None = 本地无数据)
+                latest_daily_date=lambda: date(2026, 8, 28) if has_data else None,
+                latest_enriched_date=lambda: None,
+            ),
             capabilities=None,
         ))
     )
@@ -298,6 +303,30 @@ def test_realtime_gate_blocks_on_snapshot_and_launches_repair(tmp_path, monkeypa
     assert saved == {}
 
 
+def test_realtime_gate_blocks_when_no_local_data(tmp_path, monkeypatch):
+    """首用门禁: 日K/enriched 均无数据时禁止开启实时行情 (409 + 同步指引),
+    且不落偏好 (开关不生效)。"""
+    from fastapi import HTTPException
+
+    from app.api import settings as settings_api
+
+    saved = {}
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        "app.services.preferences.save", lambda payload: saved.update(payload),
+    )
+
+    qs = _QuoteServiceStub()
+    request = _gate_state(tmp_path, qs, repo=None, has_data=False)
+    req = settings_api.RealtimeQuotesPrefs(realtime_quotes_enabled=True)
+
+    with pytest.raises(HTTPException) as exc_info:
+        settings_api.update_realtime_quotes(req, request)
+
+    assert exc_info.value.status_code == 409
+    assert "同步" in exc_info.value.detail
+    assert saved == {}                       # 未开启
+
+
 def test_realtime_gate_allows_clean_data(tmp_path, monkeypatch):
     from app.api import settings as settings_api