feat: add examples (01-08), fix index bars parsing, add ruff hook

- Add example scripts for all API categories (connection, market info,
  kline, minute, transaction, finance, block, fund flow)
- Fix GetIndexBarsCmd: index bar records have 4 extra bytes (advance/
  decline counts) that were not consumed, causing pos drift and
  corrupted dates/volumes for all records after the first
- Fix price_limits.py example (SecurityQuote has no name attr)
- Fix finance_info.py display (scientific notation -> formatted numbers)
- Add PostToolUse ruff hook (scripts/ruff_hook.py)

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 <noreply@anthropic.com>

examples/06_finance/company_info.py

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+"""演示：获取公司信息目录与各个分类的详细内容。"""
+
+import pandas as pd
+from xmtdx import TdxClient, Market
+
+CODE = "600519"
+NAME = "贵州茅台"
+MARKET = Market.SH
+
+# 要展示的分类，按需注释/取消注释
+SHOW_CATEGORIES = [
+    "最新提示",
+    "公司概况",
+    "财务分析",
+    "股本结构",
+    "股东研究",
+    "机构持股",
+    "分红融资",
+    "高管治理",
+    "资金动向",
+    "资本运作",
+    "热点题材",
+    "公司公告",
+    "公司报道",
+    "经营分析",
+    "行业分析",
+    "研报评级",
+]
+
+
+def show_categories(categories):
+    """显示公司信息目录。"""
+    df = pd.DataFrame([{
+        "目录名": cat.name,
+        "文件名": cat.filename,
+        "起始偏移": cat.start,
+        "内容长度": cat.length,
+    } for cat in categories])
+    print(f"{NAME} 公司信息目录:")
+    print(df.to_string(index=False))
+
+
+def show_category_content(client, categories, category_name, max_chars=500):
+    """获取并展示指定分类的内容。"""
+    cat = next((c for c in categories if c.name == category_name), None)
+    if not cat:
+        print(f"  未找到分类: {category_name}")
+        return
+
+    content = client.get_company_info_content(
+        MARKET, CODE, cat.filename, cat.start, cat.length
+    )
+    text = content.strip()
+    if len(text) > max_chars:
+        text = text[:max_chars] + f"\n... (共 {len(content.strip())} 字，仅显示前 {max_chars} 字)"
+    print(f"\n{'='*60}")
+    print(f"【{cat.name}】 (共 {cat.length} 字节)")
+    print(f"{'='*60}")
+    print(text)
+
+
+def show_all_categories(client, categories):
+    """依次展示所有 SHOW_CATEGORIES 中列出的分类内容。"""
+    for name in SHOW_CATEGORIES:
+        show_category_content(client, categories, name)
+
+
+with TdxClient.from_best_host() as c:
+    categories = c.get_company_info_category(MARKET, CODE)
+
+    # 1. 显示目录
+    show_categories(categories)
+
+    # 2. 显示所有分类内容（每个分类默认只显示前500字）
+    show_all_categories(c, categories)
+
+    # 3. 也可以单独获取某个分类的完整内容，例如：
+    # show_category_content(c, categories, "公司概况", max_chars=99999)

examples/06_finance/finance_info.py

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+"""演示：获取最新财务数据。"""
+
+import pandas as pd
+from xmtdx import TdxClient, Market
+
+with TdxClient.from_best_host() as c:
+    info = c.get_finance_info(Market.SH, "600519")
+    df = pd.DataFrame([
+        {"项目": "总股本(万股)", "数值": info.zong_guben},
+        {"项目": "流通股本(万股)", "数值": info.liutong_guben},
+        {"项目": "每股净资产", "数值": info.meigujing_zichan},
+        {"项目": "净利润(元)", "数值": info.jing_lirun},
+        {"项目": "主营收入(元)", "数值": info.zhuying_shouru},
+        {"项目": "主营利润(元)", "数值": info.zhuying_lirun},
+        {"项目": "净资产(元)", "数值": info.jing_zichan},
+        {"项目": "总资产(元)", "数值": info.zong_zichan},
+        {"项目": "股东人数", "数值": info.gudong_renshu},
+        {"项目": "上市日期", "数值": info.ipo_date},
+    ])
+    print("贵州茅台 最新财务数据:")
+    print(df.to_string(index=False, formatters={"数值": lambda x: f"{x:,.0f}"}))

examples/06_finance/price_limits.py

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+"""演示：计算个股涨跌停价格。"""
+
+import pandas as pd
+from xmtdx import TdxClient, Market
+
+CODE = "600519"
+NAME = "贵州茅台"
+
+with TdxClient.from_best_host() as c:
+    quotes = c.get_security_quotes([(Market.SH, CODE)])
+    if quotes:
+        q = quotes[0]
+        limit_up, limit_down = c.get_price_limits(
+            Market.SH, CODE, NAME, q.pre_close
+        )
+        df = pd.DataFrame([{
+            "代码": CODE,
+            "名称": NAME,
+            "昨收": q.pre_close,
+            "涨停价": limit_up,
+            "跌停价": limit_down,
+        }])
+        print(df.to_string(index=False))

examples/06_finance/xdxr_info.py

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+"""演示：获取除权除息历史记录。"""
+
+import pandas as pd
+from xmtdx import TdxClient, Market, XDXR_CATEGORY_NAMES
+
+with TdxClient.from_best_host() as c:
+    records = c.get_xdxr_info(Market.SH, "600519")
+    df = pd.DataFrame([{
+        "日期": f"{r.year}-{r.month:02d}-{r.day:02d}",
+        "类型": XDXR_CATEGORY_NAMES.get(r.category, f"未知({r.category})"),
+        "每股分红(元)": r.fenhong,
+        "送转股比例": r.songzhuangu,
+        "配股价": r.peigujia,
+        "配股比例": r.peigu,
+    } for r in records])
+    print(f"贵州茅台 除权除息记录，共 {len(df)} 条:")
+    print(df.tail(10).to_string(index=False))